Internal-combustion engine.



A. M. BACH. INTERNAL ooMBUsTIoN ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNB30,1913.

Patented Aug. 4, 1914.

THA'.l NDRRIS PETERS CO, PHOTULITHO., WASHINGTON. D. C.

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ANTON M. BACI-I, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

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To all whom it may conce/rn Be it known that l, ANTON M. BACH, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful .improvements in Internal-Com bustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

r1`he present invention is an improvement in an internal combustion engine in which a complete cycle, comprising the intake of the combustible gases, the compression and combustion thereof, and the exhaust of the products oit' combustion, takes place once in each revolution. of the crank shaft, and in which the necessity of employing a lifting cam, l'or lifting a valve to admit the com bustible mixture directly `into the combustion chamber of the engine, is avoided. Such an engine is fully disclosed in an application for U. S. Letters Patent tiled by me Sept. 9, 1912, Ser. No. 719,426.

The object of the invention is to simplify the construction of said engine, and to pro vide means for insuring that the` valve for controlling the passage of combustible gas to the combustion chamber of the engine is always properly closed when required.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a broken vertical section of the engine, certain parts being shown in side elevation; Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections on the lines 2-2, 3-3, respectively of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing, 4 indicates the piston rod of an engine, connected to a wrist pin 5 of a piston G. Said piston has a lower head 7 of larger diameter and an upper head S of smaller diameter, said heads reciprocating in portions of a cylinder 9 of correspondingly larger and smaller diameter, the smaller portion 11 of said cylinder being surrounded by a water-jacket 12.` By suitable mechanism, not here shown, but dis-` closed in the application for Letters Patent hereinbefore referred to, with each reciprocation of the piston rod 4, there is reciprocated a slide rod 19, the upper threaded end of which 'is adjustably secured to a fork piece 22, pivotally secured to an end of an arm 23, secured to a trunnion 24 of a cylindrical valve 25, oscillating `in a cylindrical casing 26 and around a stationary cylindrical casting 31. The shaft piece 31 is 'formed with a tapering diametral passage 40, of which the larger end is adjacent to a conduit 41 adapted to be connected with the Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed .Tune 30, 1913.

Patented Aug. 4, 1914.

serial No. 776,588.

source of supply of carbureted air, and the smaller end is adjacent to a port 42 formed 1n the wall oit' the cylinder 9. The valve 25 is formed with two ports 43, 44, the larger port 43 being, in the open position of the valve, located between the conduit 41 and the larger end of thc passage 40, the smaller port 44 being at the same time located between the smaller' end of the passage and the port 42 of the cylinder. Bythe oscillating motion oit' said valve, produced by the rotation of the crank shaft, said valve ports are brought alternately in and out of register with the respective ends of the passage. Close to the narrow end of the passage 40 said casting is also formed with an opening 46 connecting the outside of said casting with the interior of the casting around the passage, which forms a chamber 47 occupying the whole interior of said casting except that occupied by the carbureted air passage 40.

`Between the smaller portion 9 of the cylinder and the annular water-jacket are formed conduits 48 for the passage of the comliustilile gas to the combustion chamber of the cylinder. The upper ends of said conduits open into an annular valve chamber. in which can be reciprocated an annular valve 49, which controls the passage between said conduits 48 and ports 56 in the wall of the cylinder, opening into the combustion chamber. From the combustion chamber the er:-

`haust gases escape by four conduits 55 leading radially through the water-jacket between the inlet conduits 48, said conduits communicating with an annular exhaust conduit 50 leading to an exhaust pipe 57 when the piston is in its lowermost position therein.

The purpose ofthe chamber 47 is to permit the valve 49 to seat at the proper time. As the piston rises up to the point where it passes the ports 56, it compresses the gas in the cylinder 9, and in the conduits 48, the port 44 being closed. The gas so compressed prevents the seating of the valve 49. YVhen the pistonS has passed the ports 5G, so that the conduits 48 are separated from the cylinder 9, immediately afterward the port 4G, but not the conduit 40, is opened, and the conduit 48 is brought into communication with the chamber 47. Said chamber thus acts as a relief chamber to reduce the pressure in the conduits 48. Since the compressed gas cannot flow through the ports 56 to the conduits 48, when the pressure in said conduits has been reduced, the valve can then be seated. After the port 46 is opened, the port 4:9 is then opened, and is completely opened when the crank shaft has rotated 130 past its top center. ldhen the crank shaft has rotated l0O past its bottom center, the ports et() and 46 are both closed.

For the purpose of quickly removing from, or replacing on, the body of the cylinder the cylinder head 53, the cylinder is formed with a circumferential series of alternate teeth 58 and notches, and the cylinder head is formed with a circumferential series of notches G0.

6l indicates a circular cap, which has also formed on its circumference corresponding notches 62 and teeth 63. lVhen the cylinder head has been placed upon the cylinder, so that the notches 60 register vertically, said cap is then placed thereon so that its teeth pass down through the notches in the cylinder and head. lhe cap and cylinder head are then rotated through a small angle, so that said teeth 63 are out of register with the notches but in register with the teeth 58. Said head is formed with an upwardly extending lug 6e passed through circular holes 66 formed in the cap. The upper portion of the cap is externally threaded and on said threaded portion are screwed in succession two large nuts 67, 68, so that the lower surface of the lowermost nut presses firmly against the upper surfaces of the lugs, thereby clamping the cylinder head to the cylinder. 69 indicates a sleeve surrounding the cap and serving to support the same against outward stress.

The construction of the engine thus far described is identical with that in my application for U. S. Letters Patent heretofore referred to. ln said engine, however, l relied upon a coiled spring to force the valve 49 to its seat. In my present invention l employ positive means to effect this result. For this purpose the annular valve 49 is extended upwardly in the forni of two arcuate portions 7l of a cylinder, each arcuate portion or cylinder section passing through a correspondingly formed guide 72 in the cylinder head. said cylinder sections 7l are externally threaded, and thereon is screwed the internally threaded flange 73 of a disk 74, which carries at its center an upwardly extending lug 75, formed with a recess at one side. From the sleeve 69 extends upwardly an arm 76 and on said arm is fulcrumed a lever 77 having a forked end adjacent to the recess in the lug. In said forked end of the lever' and also in the recess in the lug is a flanged roller 78 The other end of the lever is pivoted to a vertical rod 79, a lower portion 8l of which is reduced in diameter and enters a cylindrical bore in the upper The upper ends of end of a vertical rod 82, the lower end of which is connected to the arm 28. Around said rod 79 is adjustably secured a cup 83, and aroundfthe. rod 82 is fixedly scoured a cup 84, and in said cups are contained the ends of a spring 86 coiled around the rods 79 and 82. lt will be seen that, with this construction, at the proper time in the motion of the rod `19, the rods 82 and 79 move upwardly and,

by means of the lever 77, positively force the valve e9 to its seat. When the rod 19 moves downward, the valve is not thereby raised from its seat but the rod 82 moves downwardly while the rod 79 remains in its upper position, and the valve i9 is pressed downwardly by the pressure of the conipressed spring 86, thus furnishing means to resist the gases compressed in the conduits 48 until overcome thereby. The sectional form of the upward extension for the annular valve permits the free circulation of the water in the cylinder head.

l. ln an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having an upper narrow portion and a lower wider portion, piston having narrow and wide portions reciprocating respectively in the narrow and wide portions ofthe cylinder, a crank shaft rotatable by said piston, said cylinder having a port for admitting the combustible mixture into the wide portion of the cylinder adjacent to the end of the narrow portion thereof, and having conduits leading from its wide portion to the farther end of its narrow portion, an annular valve for closing said conduits, a valve casing having `inlet and outlet ports communicating respectively with a source of supply of fuel mixture and with the port in the cylinder,

a cylindrical valve therein, having ports ly communicating respectively with said ports, a hollow casting within said valve, having a passage communicating with the inlet and outlet ports of the valve, and a relief chainber adapted to communicate with said conduits to receive the compressed unused gases, and means arranged to be operated by the l crank shaft for moving vsaid cylindrical i valve within said casing.

2. ln an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having an upper i narrow portion and a lower wider portion, a piston having narrow and wide portions reciprocating respectively in the narrow and wide portions of the cylinder, a crank shaft rotatable by said piston, said cylinder having a port for admitting the combustible niixture into the wide portion of the cylinder adjacent to the end of the narrow portion thereof, and having conduits leading from its wide portion to the farther end of its narrow portion, `an annular valve for closing said conduits, a valve casing having inlet and outlet ports communicating respectively with a source of supply of fuel mixture and with the port in the cylinder, a cylindrical valve therein, having ports communicating respectively with said ports, a hollow casting within said valve, having a passage communicating with the inlet and outlet ports of the valve, and a relief chamber adapted to communicate `with said conduits to receive the compressed unused gases, means arranged to be operated by the crank shaft for moving said cylindrical valve within said casing, and means, actuated in unison with said cylindrical valve, for actuating said annular valve.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having an upper narrow portion and a lower wider portion, a piston having narrow and wide portions reciprocating respectively in the narrow and wide portions of the cylinder, a crank shaft rotatable by said piston, said cylinder having a port for admitting the combustible mixture into the wide portion of the cylinder adjacent to the end of the narrow portion thereof, and having conduits leading from its wide portion to the farther end of its narrow portion, an annular valve for closing said conduits, a valve casing having inlet and outlet ports communicating respectively with a source of supply of fuel mixture and with the port in the cylinder, a cylindrical valve therein, having ports communicating respectively with said ports, a hollow casting within said valve, having a passage communicating with the inlet and outlet ports of the valve, and a relief chamber adapted to communicate with said conduits to receive the compressed unused gases, means arranged to he operated by the crank shaft for moving said cylindrical valve within said casing, a spring for holding said annular valve to its seat against the pressure of the compressed combustible mixture, and positive means, actuated in unison with said cylindrical valve, for holding said valve to its seat.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANTON M. BACH.

Witnesses:

NICHOLAS NIELsnN, A. C. ANDERSON.

Copies of this patent maybe obtained for ve cents each, by `adiressing the Commissioner of latents, Washington, D. C. 

